Additional frequently asked questions

What is needed to certify corporate documents?

Typically a company affidavit issued by the Department of Business Development within the recency window the recipient allows, ID or passport of the authorised director, the company seal if one is used, and the document to be attested. Scope and requirements are confirmed case by case by phone, LINE or email.

How long does an attested document stay valid?

The attestation itself has no expiry, but recipients such as embassies, banks and universities commonly require documents issued within the last 3–6 months. Always check the recipient's recency rule first.

What if the destination authority rejects the document?

Ask for the rejection reason in writing. Most rejections come from wording of the attestation clause, the order of the legalisation chain, or a translation that does not match the required format — each of which can be corrected without redoing the whole set.

Can the process be started from outside Thailand?

Document review, drafting the attestation wording and coordinating with authorities can all be done remotely. Only steps that legally require personal appearance must be completed before the attesting attorney or through a channel the destination accepts. Scope and requirements are confirmed case by case by phone, LINE or email.

Does Thailand have a Notary Public in the common-law sense?

Thailand has no common-law notary. The equivalent is a Notarial Services Attorney registered with the Lawyers Council of Thailand under Royal Patronage. Foreign authorities, embassies and universities generally accept this attestation where a notarised document is required. Scope and requirements are confirmed case by case by phone, LINE or email.

Do I have to sign in person before the attorney?

For signature attestation, yes — the signer must appear with an original passport or Thai ID card and sign in the attorney's presence. Certified true copies and certain fact attestations can be handled from originals without a fresh signature, depending on what the receiving authority requires.

In depth: the real requirements and why documents get rejected — Notary Public

Written from the competent authority's published rules, not marketing copy.

Many applicants treat the notary stamp as a single, final step. In practice it is the first link in a certification chain that often continues through the Department of Consular Affairs and the destination embassy. The order of that chain is set by the receiving country, and reversing it is the most common reason a file comes back.

Conditions you actually have to clear

• Thai-language documents intended for foreign use need a translation permanently bound to the original rather than loosely attached.
• For a true-copy certification, the original must be produced on the day; comparison against an image file is not accepted by most authorities.
• If the signatory cannot read the language of the instrument, an interpreter must be present and that fact recorded in the certificate.

Common causes of rejection

• Signing in advance and asking for a backdated certificate — the attestation of signing in the certifier's presence would not match the facts, and the receiving body normally rejects the whole file.
• Using signature-witnessing wording when the destination asked for a certified true copy; the two forms are not interchangeable.

Once the destination country and the receiving office are known, the required certificate form and the following steps can be fixed immediately. Having our team review the case first substantially reduces repeat work.